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Modern Italy
Journal of Modern Italian Studies
RIVISTA DI STUDI ITALIANI
Anno XX , n° 2, Dicembre 2002 ( Contributi ) pag. 137-161
CROCE AND THE THEORISTS OF COMPLEXITY
GIUSEPPE GEMBILLO
Università di Messina
1. On the points of identity between Croce and the theorists of
complexity. 2. Against the reductionism of the founders of classical science 3. Against the philosophers of classical science 4. Between absolute historicism and complex historicism 5. The philosophers of time and of history as common sources 6. From analytical reason to historico-critical reason 7. Croce as philosophical stage in the history of complexity

1. On the points of identity between Croce and the theorists of complexity
Croce's conception of knowledge, ever since its first formulations, went against the theory that had dominated at least in the last three hundred years and was based on the physico-mathematical, quantitative, generalizing and
abstracting method. That is, it went against an idea of knowledge that had as its objective the conquest of universal, necessary and definitive certainties, in a word, objective. Already, his claim of the aesthetic moment as autonomous cognitive moment went against the current, as countercurrent was also his critique of the cognitive claims of the methods of classical science. In criticizing the traditional way of understanding knowledge, Croce explicitly
associated himself with Vico and Hegel. However, more than in their case, Croce's discourse seemed extremely annoying, irritating and, above all, aiming at "devaluing science", and, for this reason, has been the object of direct and indirect attacks from philosophers and scientists.
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